High purity bismuth, brittle metal, with reddish tinge. Soluble in nitric and
hydrochloric acids. Highly diamagnetic (mass susceptibility -1.35 X 106). Expands 3.3%
on solidification. The content of lead in refined bismuth can be decreased from
30μg/g to 0.21μg/g, which has reached the level of “5N” high-purity bismuth. Other
impurities in refined bismuth can be also removed effectively under certain
conditions.
Electrical resistivity higher in solid than in liquid state. Extrudable at 437 oF, not
fabricable at room temperature. Brinell hardness 7. Thermal conductivity is lowest of
all metals except mercury. On heating it burns to form the oxide. Experimental studies
on sulphur deleadization were carried out under vacuum. The influences of amount of
sulphur, distillation temperature, vacuum degree and distillation time on
deleadization were investigated and an optimal technical condition was achieved.
Derivation: Debismuthizing of lead bullion by (a) fractional crystallization, (b)
electrolytic (Betts) refining, or (c) addition of calcium or magnesium (Betterton-
Kroll process) which removes bismuth. Hazard: Flammable in powder form.
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